Superior University
Lahore
Sahiwal Campus
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Department:
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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
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Programme:
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4 YEAR
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Course:
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BS-IT
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Topic:
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SDLC OF SOCIAL MEDIA
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Submitted to:
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SIR SALEEM
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Submitted by:
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FAIZAN JAMEEL
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| {For More Help shanich108@gmail.com} |
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am very grateful for the strong support and
guidance provided to me by my Fundamental Of IT (FIT) Teacher SIR Muhammad Saleem, Who
helped me for good knowledge about my topic also help me in preparing this
project I am very thankful to him.
TABLE CONTENTS
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NO
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TOPIC
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PAGE NO
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1
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System Development life
cycle
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5
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2
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Social Networking
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6
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3
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Planning
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7
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4
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Analyses
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9
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5
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Design
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10
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6
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Implementation
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11
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7
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Testing
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12
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8
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Maintenance
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13
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SUMMARY
My topic is (system
development life cycle of social media networking so I am discussing about System Development Life Cycle)-SDLC OF social
media .The purpose of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Standards is to
describe the minimum required phases and considerations for developing and/or implementing
new systems at the social media.
THE LIFE CYCLE OF A
“SOCIAL NETWORKing”
“System
Development Life Cycle”
SDLC stands for System
Development Life Cycle or Software Development Life Cycle. It is used to
describe functional systems development activity, to gain control of the
complexities of systems development, and to ensure the needs of customers and
users are the basis for technical activity. The SDLC has made a great impact on
developing information systems as a general approach. Adhering to a SDLC increases efficiency and accuracy and
reduces the risk of product failure
The System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a series of six steps.
ü Planning
ü Analyze
ü Design
ü Implement
ü Testing
ü Maintenance
“Social Networking”
| {For More Help shanich108@gmail.com} |
Social
networking, the art of meeting and building contacts on the Web, is an
increasingly popular way to gain personal and professional contacts, make new
friends, develop professional relationships, promote personal or business Web
sites, and even find a new job. Over the past few years, social networking
sites (SNS) have received growing media attention. At many high schools and
colleges, every student has a profile on at least one of the SNS such as
MySpace and Face book.
Social
networking sites have become increasingly versatile. They are not limited to
messaging, communicating and displaying networks. Nearly all sites allow users
to post photos, videos and often music on their profiles and share them with
others. Beyond these, users can even keep up with favorite bands and add
applications such as games, quizzes and virtual gift giving.
Every product or service has
a product life cycle, and despite the popularity of social networking in this
day and age, even social network sites have a product life cycle scenario.
Thinking about it in a different way, humans also have a life cycle beginning
at birth and ending at death. They go through infancy, growth, maturity, and
death. Likewise, social networking is also subject to several stages of its own
life cycle.
“Phases of Social networking life
cycle”
The
phases of Social networking are the following on which the networking sites
starts and ends their cycle.
The phase is depends on:
ü Planning
ü Analyze
ü Design
ü Implement
ü Testing
ü Maintenance
“Planning”
In
this case, the system investigation studies one step further. It attempts to
find out “What is the problem, and is it worth solving”. The fact that the
system investigation looks for is mainly about “defining the requirements” or
in other words requirements specification. The initial work of the requirements
specification then refers to recognition of the goal of the system and the
problems that exist within the current system.
With opening their API (Application
Program Interface) to third-party developers, social networking sites have
become the world’s largest application platforms with hundreds of millions
monthly users. According to a site comparison among the three biggest SNSs
(Compete 2009), as of August 2009, there were 122 million visitors surfing
Facebook, 56 million using MySpace and 24 million visiting Twitter. From a
business point of view, such a big amount of users stands for uncountable
challenges and opportunities. Dramatically, those application developers turn
into entrepreneurs on the battle of social networking site platforms. Thus, the
first-task for the potential “entrepreneur” is to identify, explo and then
select an attractive business opportunity. An attractive and excellent project
idea which an entrepreneur searches for and accepts such idea as a basis for
his investment decision. Back to the developers’ side, an opportunity might
imply a good idea for developing a certain application which has a potential
user demand and is deserve to invest money or time to achieve it.
To gain the information effectively, it
is necessary to have a lot of skills involved in and use some of the above
mentioned approaches. Sometimes, a couple of similar systems implemented
elsewhere which may share invaluable experiences are possible to be found out.
Finally, the information collected during this stage will be useful for the
next stage of the SDLC.
“Analyses”
Systems analysis stage is
the phase that establishes the need for and the extent of an information system.
This stage attempts to answer the question “What must the information system do
to solve the problem”, it involves studying existing systems and work practices
to identify strengths, weaknesses and opportunities for improvement.
The
systems analysis stage also includes the creation of a logical system design
which will be based partly on information collected during the systems investigation
stage and partly on new information gathered from the current system. For the
sake of creating a logical design, some process techniques might be used such
as data flow diagrams (DFDs), hierarchical input process output (HIPO)
diagrams, and entity-relationship diagrams (ERDs) However, it must specify the
appropriate conceptual data model, inputs, processes and expected output
requirements.
In
a case that a database is needed for the new application, data-modeling
activities or data analysis may also take place in this stage to clarify all
entities, together with their attributes, and the relationships among the
entities within the database.
“Design”
Once
the output of the systems analysis states that a new system will be worth
having, designing the new system can be started. Systems design seeks to answer
the question “How will the information system do what it must do to obtain the
problem solution”. The purpose of this stage is to design a system, a site or
an application that fulfills the requirements determined in the analysis stage.
The primary output of systems design is a physical design model that either
describes the new system or describes how the existing systems will be modified.
There are a number of ways to
incorporate the logical designed model that is generated in the previous stage
into a physical design model. For example, to implement the data stores as a
series of files, to incorporate some of the data flow diagram processes into a
computer system and remain the rest manual, and of those to be computerized,
which are to be processed online and which are to be run only offline.
Even point out that systems design not
only details inputs, processes and outputs, but also details user interfaces,
specifies hardware, software, database, telecommunications, personnel,
procedure components and shows how these components are related.
Likewise,
list the details that the systems design documentation should contain: • What
is the input data and how the data is inputted into the system?
• What is the output data?
•What
are the processes that converting the input data to output data?
•
Structure of the computer and manual files?
•
Security issues and back-up provisions?
•
Plan for system implementation and testing by the end of this stage, system
analysts will?
“Implementation”
The
implementation of the new system is led by various procedures followed by the
previous stage. It involves creating or acquiring the various system components
detailed in the systems design, assembling them, and placing the new or
modified system into operation. Based on the physical design model, if it
includes computer programs, these have to be written and tested individually,
and if it requires hardware and software systems, those also need to be
purchased and installed.
It
is important that the system is formally tested and accepted before changeover.
By contrast, failure will cause a lack of confidence and, possibly, future
computer applications. Unlike the previous stages, instead of system analysts,
computer programmers are involved in this approach to carry out the design and
coding of the program .Particular attention will be paid to security features
surrounding the conversion of existing files, whether manual or computer-based,
to the new system.
In
addition, the database or file structure is created and historical data from
the old system, manual or computer-based, is loaded. An important task during
implementation is to train the users. Without thorough training, users will be
unfamiliar with the new system and unlikely to cope with the new approach,
especially with the radical new system. Once all those mentioned above have
been done, the new system can be operated and the old system can be
discontinued. There could be problems associated with the new system, direct
conversion is usually too risky an approach to changeover. After the system
becomes fully operational, the next stage of the SDLC will start.
“Testing”
During this phase of the life cycle process, companies have a
chance to find any errors, inconsistencies, and vulnerabilities in the
software. The organization should have a series of testing procedures and
documentation in place so that everyone involved in the project will know their
responsibilities, errors are properly documented, and all issues are
prioritized and resolved before the software is implemented.
However there are
certain criteria for a good server of SNS (Social networking Sites)
applications. The considerable factors of choosing a server are the
reliability, cost and the most important, whether it is compatible with the
SNSs or not.
Once being put on the
good server, the application needs a thorough testing before it is formally
published to the end users. Scenarios are a good way for testing since they
enable users to look at the features and functions offered by a system so that
it can reveal problem areas and errors.
“Maintenance”
The final stage of the
system development process occurs when the system is running and in continuous
use. There will be a review of the system to ensure that it does conform to the
requirements set out at the feasibility study stage, and the costs have not
exceeded those predicted. This process includes a periodic review or audit of a
system, the audit occurs in addition to continually monitoring a new system for
potential problems or necessary changes. It is customary to produce an
evaluation report to gain an improvement in the way other systems are developed
through the process of organizational learning. Shortcomings will be
identified, if these are easily rectified, then changes will be made during
normal maintenance.
After the application is
published for some time, a review of the application and maintenance is
necessary to be conducted to ensure the application does conform to the
expectations laid out in the feasibility study and the continued efficient
running of the application.
The last step of SDLC is
to finalize the applications so that they are ready to be used by the users.
Different from the traditional SDLC, the publication is specially added in the
last stage of the life cycle in order to highlight its importance and specialty.
Although the applications are developed for the SNS platform, it does not offer
any biding servers to run the application. Therefore the developers in some
case need to look for reliable third-party servers to host the implemented
applications. There are a large number of good servers.
